Introduction: Use of emotional intelligence to face stressful situations determines the type of staff behavior. This study aimed to determine the relation of emotional intelligence with counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior among employees of public hospitals of Rasht city.

Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 234 employees of public hospitals in Rasht. Sampling was performed using infinite population Cochran’s sample size formula and Morgan Table and stratified random sampling method. Data was collected using demographic information and two questionnaires of “Jung & Yoon Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Counterproductive Work Behaviors and Organizational Citizen Behaviors Questionnaire”. Face and content validity and reliability of the instrument were confirmed by 10 experts and Cronbach's alpha was confirmed by 30 of the study samples. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) and LISREL8.5 statistical software.

Results: According to the research model, t- value between two variables of emotional intelligence and counterproductive work behaviors is -7.25 and standard value is -0.68. In addition, the meaningful value between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviors was 6.78 and the standard value was 0.67.

Conclusions: Finding showed that, the emotional intelligence has significant and negative relation with counterproductive work behaviors. Moreover, the emotional intelligence has significant and positive relation with counterproductive work behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested to design and apply long term planning for emotional intelligence for employees.