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Introduction: One of the causes of stress in parents that is associated with reduced social adjustment is the birth of a disabled child. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy" on social adjustment and parenting stress in mothers with children with physical disabilities.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all mothers with children with physical disabilities who referred to Welfare Screening Center for Dolatabad in Rey city (Aftab, Kahrizak and Fashafoyeh Wards). Sampling method was purposefully selected (30 mothers) and randomly divided into intervention (15 people) and control (15 people) groups using lottery method. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, "Social Adjustment Scale" and "Parental Stress Scale". Content validity and face validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. "Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy" was performed for the intervention group for 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of the intervention for the control group, the intervention was performed. Pre-test before the intervention and post-test at the end of the intervention were received for both groups under the intervention and the follow-up period (3 months). The data were analyzed with SPSS. 24. 
Results: There is a significant difference between the intervention and control groups after the therapy. The mean score of social adjustment increased and the score of parenting stress decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P <0.001). 
Conclusions: “Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy" increased social adjustment and reduced parenting stress in mothers with children with physical disabilities. It is suggested that the above method be used as a psychological intervention to increase social adjustment and reduce parenting stress of mothers with children with physical disabilities.