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Abstract

 

Introduction: Puberty and sex education always is one of concerning issues in child training, as many of parents are not easy in discussing it with their children. Traditionally, mothers have the main responsibility of child health training are and care health decisions. The aim of this study was to explain the mothers' experiences with sex and puberty informal education for their own children.

 

Materials and Methods: This qualitative study, conducted in 2012 over 24 mothers with 6-18 year old children. The sampling method was purposeful with maximum variation. To evaluate reliability and dependability, the credibility, transferability and conformability were used. The data was gathered by individual semi-structured interactive interviews, recorded, transcribed and was analyzed according to Morse' content analysis method.

 

Findings: One of the analyzed data was "motherhood tasks and girls preparation for the puberty". Sub-themes were "menstrual hygiene training", "respect for religious issues", "gender roles" and "hidden training of sex issues. The last category consists of two sub-themes. "In preparation for the role of gender" and "vulnerability of the opposite sex".

 

Conclusion: Formal adult education in the nation's health care system is essential. Despite the cultural changes puberty on Iran, the dominant secular culture of family and community, the puberty are discreet and quiet.

 

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  Abstract

  Introduction: Urinary tract infection is the most common chronic childhood disease, especially in girls under 6 years old. This chronic disease reduces quality of life of mothers. This study aimed to determine the effect of Family Centered Empowerment Model on mothers ۥ QOL (physical dimension) with daughter of urinary tract infection.

  Materials & Methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted in Motahari Hospital between 1991-1992 year, with 60 mothers whom were eligible for entry into the study in two control and intervention groups. Research instrument consisted of " Perceived Threat", " Self-Efficacy " , "Mother Efficacy", "Self-Control", " Locus of Control", "Cooper Smith Self-Esteem" and " SF36 Quality of Life Questionnaire" . Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio and reliability with Cranach’s alpha coefficients calculation were measured for instruments. Data were collected for mothers in intervention group in three phase (before, after and during the model performing) and four stages in intervention time. The mother’s quality of life was assessed before, one and three months after empowering the mothers in intervention group. Data was analyzed by SPSS/18 .

  Findings: There was not significant differences in the empowerment and quality of life scores before intervention (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups (intervention and control) after family centered empowerment model accomplishment (P<0.05).

  Conclusion: Family Centered Empowerment Model could increase quality of life scores of mothers. It is suggested that this model use clinically for families with children with other chronic illnesses. 

 

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Introduction: Aggressive and oppositional defiant have adverse effects on the inner state of individuals and consequently on interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Behavior Management Training" for mothers on aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents.  
Methods: The type of research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all mothers and their teenage children girls and boys 13 to 17 years old in Gachsaran in the academic year 1398 who were selected using purposive sampling method and 30 of them were randomly selected using a table of random numbers. They were trained in the intervention and control groups (15 people in each group). In order to collect data from the demographic questionnaire, the "Aggression Questionnaire" and the "Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory" were used. Content validity by quality method and the reliability internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient was measured. The experimental group underwent “Behavior Management Training” (60-minute 9 sessions), but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. 24. 
Results: “Behavior Management Training” was effective in reducing aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: “Behavior Management Training" for mothers reduced aggression and confrontational disobedience in adolescents. Therefore, the use of "Behavior Management Training" by child and adolescent psychologists and therapists is recommended to improve the psychological health of adolescents.