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Introduction: Lifelong learning is an important issue in nursing education and nursing students need to understand the need to pursue learning throughout their professional life. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers to lifelong learning of nursing students in clinical learning environment from the perspective of faculty members 
Methods: The present study is a qualitative study with a content analysis approach that was sampled purposefully using semi-structured reply interviews with 19 nursing teachers during 2017-2018. To ensure the accuracy of the data, the credibility, conformability, dependability and transferability were used.
Data were analyzed by content analysis method using MAX-Q10 software.
Results: Barriers to lifelong learning in clinical learning environments in 6 main themes including: inadequate organizational environment, distorted professional status, lack of inter professional cooperation, poor socio-economic conditions of nurses in the health care system, lack of physical facilities - technology, culture, economy and lack of evaluation system  Based on performance was identified.
Conclusions: Nursing students face a number of obstacles in the clinical learning environment that reduce their motivation for lifelong learning. It is suggested that the nursing education curriculum be developed with a lifelong learning and mechanisms be implemented with the support of the authorities.

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Introduction: Satisfaction of basic needs will lead to self-control and the power of the ego, in which case, through the organization of the ego in controlling life, will affect the quality of marriage. The aim of this study was to explain the structural pattern between basic needs and quality of married life based on the mediating role of ego power. 
Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study included all married students of the University of Tehran in 2020. 384 people were selected by convenience sampling. Demographic questionnaire, "Dyadic Adjustment Scale", "Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale" and "Ego Strength Scale" were used to collect data. The validity of the instruments was measured using content validity by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation model and                  SPSS .24 and Amos. 24 were used to analyze the data.
Results: The indirect path coefficient between basic psychological needs and marital quality                               (P= 0.001, β= 0.243) was positive due to ego power and was significant at the level of 0.01.
Conclusions: The power of the ego positively mediates the relationship between the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relationship, and the dependence and quality of married life. It is suggested that in counseling and psychological services centers, trainings be provided to married people who refer to marital complaints on how to satisfy their basic psychological needs and ways to increase ego empowerment and quality of married life.
 

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Introduction: Fear of guilt and latent aggression are two important variables in creating and maintaining obsessive-compulsive symptoms that have so far been overlooked in the treatment of contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Intensive and Short-term Psychodynamic Therapy" on fear of guilt and latent aggression in female patients with contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Methods: The present study was performed with a single case experimental design with asynchronous multiple baseline. The statistical population includes women contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder referred to psychotherapy clinics, psychiatric offices and psychology in Ahvaz in 2019. The research sample consisted of 3 people who met the entry and exit criteria and were purposefully selected and convenience. Patients were clinically interviewed according to DSM-5 criteria to confirm contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder. To collect data from the demographic questionnaire, "Fear of Guilt Scale" and to assess the latent aggression from the latent aggression subscale "Responsibility and Interpersonal Behavior and Attitude Questionnaire" was used. The validity of the instruments was assessed by content validity, construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity and the reliability of an internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient.3 patients were admitted to the study according to the instructions of one-case plans and in 20 sessions of 60 minutes (one session per week) underwent “Intensive and Short-term Psychotherapy" and during 3 stages of baseline, treatment and follow-up evaluation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods such as stable change index, clinically significant improvement, and visual mapping.
Results: Stable change index for the fear of guilt variable in the first to third patient was 4.8, 4.8, 4.6. According to RCI <1.96, the findings are significant and not random. The recovery rates for the first to third patients were 28%, 63% and 53%, respectively, indicating relative success in the first patient and complete success in the second and third patients. The stable change index for the latent aggression variable of the first to third patients was 1.5, 4 and 4.3, respectively. The results are higher than RCI <1.96 and indicate that the changes are significant and non-random. The patients' recovery rates were 15%, 32% and 37%, respectively. The second and third patients were in the range of relative recovery and the first patient was in the range of treatment failure. 
Conclusions: “Intensive and Short-term Psychotherapy" was effective in reducing fear of guilt and latent aggression. Fear of guilt was influenced by treatment rather than latent aggression. Therefore, the use of the above treatment method is recommended for female patients with contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder.